Effect of Functionalized Graphene Oxide on Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Polymer Composites

Abstract

Interlaminar fracture, particularly delamination, is a critical failure mode in laminated polymer composites that significantly limits structural performance in aerospace, automotive, and wind energy applications. The incorporation of functionalized graphene oxide (f-GO) into polymer matrices has emerged as a promising approach to enhance interlaminar fracture toughness without compromising laminate stiffness or processability. Functionalization improves compatibility with the matrix, enabling uniform dispersion and strong interfacial bonding. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the effect of f-GO on Mode I (opening) and Mode II (shear) interlaminar fracture toughness. A combination of experimental testing, microscopic analysis, and multiscale modeling is employed to elucidate toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection, interfacial bridging, and plastic deformation. The results demonstrate that even low loadings of fGO can significantly increase critical strain energy release rates, providing a pathway for the design of high-performance delamination-resistant composites.