Interlaminar Shear and Fracture Behavior of Nano-Modified Carbon Fiber Laminates

Abstract

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and high-performance engineering applications due to their exceptional specific strength and stiffness. However, their layered architecture makes them susceptible to interlaminar shear failure and delamination, which can compromise structural integrity. The incorporation of nanoscale reinforcements into the polymer matrix has emerged as a powerful approach to improve interlaminar strength and fracture toughness without significant weight penalties. This study investigates the interlaminar shear and fracture behavior of nano-modified carbon fiber laminates reinforced with carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and nanosilica. A combination of experimental testing, fractographic analysis, and multiscale modeling is employed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying enhanced interlaminar performance, including crack deflection, nanoparticle bridging, matrix plasticization, and interfacial strengthening. The results demonstrate that nanomodification significantly improves interlaminar shear strength and Mode I/II fracture toughness, offering pathways for the design of high-performance, delamination-resistant laminated composites.